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How to write a thesis outline

An outline is not a table of contents written at the end. It is the working model of your argument, and its job is to tell you which reading is relevant and which is a pleasant detour.

What matters here

  • State the claim in one sentence
  • List the three or four supports
  • Name the strongest objection
  • Give every chapter one job
  • Expect to rewrite the outline twice

The one-sentence claim

If you cannot state it, the outline will be a list of topics. Write it badly, then improve it. Everything downstream depends on this sentence being specific enough to be arguable.

Supports and objection

Each support becomes a chapter or a section. The objection is what makes it a thesis rather than a report, and it needs its own space so it is answered rather than avoided.

One job per chapter

Write the job in a line above each heading. If two chapters share a job, merge them. If a chapter has no job, it is context and probably belongs in the introduction.

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